Network
Special Addresses
IPv4 address = 4 byte = 32 bit Network mask = 4 byte = 32 bit 255.255.255.0 = /24(the sum of the units in the binary system)
| 1st Octet | 2nd Octet | 3rd Octet | 4th Octet |
|---|---|---|---|
| 192 | 168 | 0 | 0 |
| 255 | 255 | 255 | 0 |
| 1byte | 1byte | 1byte | 1byte |
| 11000000 | 10101000 | 00000000 | 00000000 |
| 11111111 | 11111111 | 11111111 | 00000000 |
- Network: 192.168.0.0 = 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000000
- Start host: 192.168.0.1 = 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001
- End host: 192.168.0.254 = 11000000.10101000.00000000.11111110
- Broadcast: 192.168.0.255 = 11000000.10101000.00000000.11111111
Calculating the number of hosts by mask
2^(32 - <subnet mask>)
IPv4 address = 16 byte = 128 bit
| 1st Hexctet | 2nd Hexctet | 3rd Hexctet | 4th Hexctet | 5th Hexctet | 6th Hexctet | 8th Hexctet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 0db8 | 1234 | 0000 | 0000 | 0000 | 0000 |
| 2byte | 2byte | 2byte | 2byte | 2byte | 2byte | 2byte |
MAC address = 6 byte = 48 bit